The cost of a total installed control loop (instrument loop) depends on:

• Selection of instruments and material;

• Infra structure and signal transfer (conventional cables, fieldbus, radio or phone connection);

• Complexity of the control action (e.g. direct reading, alarm, feed forward control);

• Safety classification (SIL, ATEX, PED).

Including:

• Instruments (e.g. sensors, signal transmitter, control valves, valves);

• All required material for connecting to process and instrument air;

• Cables, cable trays and additional material;

• Hardware and software for process control system;

• Calibrating, testing and put into operation;

• Installation and program costs.

Variation

If installing during operational production, the costs will increase 15 - 20%.